Going against the grain
Prof. Tim Noakes recently caused a commotion by advocating a diet high in protein and low in carbohydrates. But be mindful of the pro's and con's of such a diet, writes leading dietician Lila Bruk.
The High Protein, Low Carb diet such as recently proposed by prof. Tim Noakes is not a new one – it keeps on coming back into fashion. But like many fashion trends, it is one of those diets that it would be best to forget (shoulder pads, anyone?).
Yes, the initial weight loss is appealing, but much of this is water – rather than fat – that is lost. Yes, low carbohydrate diets can help to prevent or manage diabetes, but so can having the right kind of carbs (such as low GI carb-based diets).
In addition, there are various risks associated with High Protein diets:
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Constipation. Due to the low fruit, vegetable and wholegrain consumption when on this diet, one’s overall fibre intake is low, which in turn easily results in constipation.
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Bad breath. This is due to the ketosis process, which causes the breath to have an unpleasant odour. (Ketosis is a natural process that occurs when fats are converted into energy by the body, usually when there is not enough glucose to provide for the body's energy needs.)
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Gout. The high animal protein and high fat consumption can cause or exacerbate gout.
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Deficiencies in various vitamins and minerals, due to the low fruit and vegetable intake.
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Kidney stones. High protein diets have been found to be linked to kidney stones and kidney disease.
The "carbohydrate resistance" that Noakes refers to is a bit of a misnomer – as far as modern medicine goes, this term seems to be one that has been unheard of until Noakes starting use it.
In addition, it is not practical to stave off carbs indefinitely – would you honestly be able to never have bread, cake, baked potatoes and pasta ever again? Such drastic measures are not necessary, practical or sustainable. What has been proved time and time again is that the key to successful weight loss is eating in moderation, a reduction in calories, regular exercise and an overall lifestyle change.
Keep this in mind before embarking on a High Protein diet!
- Lila Bruk is a registered dietician and nutritional consultant. She is the chairperson for the Gauteng South branch of the Association for Dietetics in South Africa (ADSA) and a member of Slimtrack's advisory panel of experts.
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